CARBON STEEL
Carbon steel is composed of a mixture of two main elements metal (iron) and non-metal (carbon). However, it may contain some other alloying elements such as cobalt manganese, nickel, marking the desired capacity.
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| Carbon steel |
Carbon content
As the carbon percentage increases, steel has the ability to become hard and strong through heat treatment; however, it becomes less ductile. Despite the heat treatment, a high carbon content reduces weldability. For example:Low Carbon Steel
Low carbon steel can be mechanized easily. It is also divided into grades according to different amounts of carbon such asWeldability
At present, low carbon steel is the most commonly used material just because of its strength and comparatively inexpensive. Low carbon steel can be welded by almost all welding processes such as:Medium Carbon Steel
Welding of medium carbon steel is comparatively difficult due to the high carbon content that can cause weld brittleness. The melting point of High carbon steel is 1515℃ to1492℃, and it is harder than low carbon steel.Medium carbon steel has a carbon content of 0.30% to 0.50%. During welding, the weld hardens into the joint and forms martensite in the heat-affected zone due to rapid cooling and may cause cracking. This can be avoided by using special welding techniques and appropriate electrodes.
Medium carbon steel can be welding by the following processes:
- Shielded Metal Arc Welding.
- Oxy-acetylene Welding
- Resistance Welding.
- Thermit Welding
- Submerged Arc Welding.
High Carbon Steel
High carbon steel has a welding range due to its high carbon content, the melting point of high carbon steel is 1492–1405.
Originally high carbon steel is welded for repair purpose using the following welding processes:
Originally high carbon steel is welded for repair purpose using the following welding processes:
- Resistance Welding
- Thermit Welding
- Shielded Metal Arc Welding
- Oxyacetylene welding
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